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標題: 史達林格勒攻防戰70周年 [列印本頁]

作者: jxv 時間: 2012-12-28 08:41:56 標題: 史達林格勒攻防戰70周年

本帖最後由 jxv 於 2012-12-28 08:51 編輯

史達林格勒戰役（俄語：Сталинградская битва，德語：Schlacht von Stalingrad）
是第二次世界大戰中納粹德國及其盟國與蘇聯為爭奪蘇聯南部城市史達林格勒而進行的戰役，時間自1942年7月17日至1943年2月2日為止。
史達林格勒戰役是第二次世界大戰東部戰線的轉捩點，單從傷亡數字來看，該戰役也是近代歷史上最為血腥的戰役，雙方傷亡估計約2,000,000人，參與該場戰役的人數也比歷史上的其他戰役都來的多，更以雙方無視軍事與平民分別而造成的傷亡著稱。
一名新到作戰的蘇軍士兵平均生存時間已少於24小時，而一名蘇軍軍官不多於3天。
蘇聯狙擊手成功地利用廢墟對德軍造成巨大傷亡，最成功及最出名的是瓦西里·柴契夫，他在戰役中殺死了242名敵軍；他打死了德軍王牌狙擊手，著名的歐文·柯尼希（海恩茲·托爾伐特）。柴契夫以及他的超過30名學生共殺死了超過3,000名德軍士兵。柴契夫使用的是一支標準的莫辛-納甘步槍及PTRD-41 14.5毫米反坦克步槍，當不在窗戶時用於射擊躲在牆後的德軍：重型的14.5毫米子彈能穿透磚牆。柴契夫因為該戰役而被授與蘇聯英雄稱號。
最終德軍被蘇軍包圍，補給中斷，彈盡援絕，人員不是戰死，凍死就是餓死。

德軍的軍事教條是基於協同作戰及坦克、步兵、工兵、火炮及攻擊機互相配合作戰，為對抗這樣，蘇軍指揮官採用前線部隊盡可能與德軍近身距離作戰的戰術；崔可夫稱這是緊抱德軍。這迫使德軍只能各自為戰或面對被友軍誤傷的危險；這樣令德軍減少空中及炮火支援。蘇軍明白在史達林格勒，最好的防禦是把他們的防線放在許多可監察具有重要戰略意義的街道和廣場的建築物裹，這種戰略令蘇軍可盡量長時間在所有地段堅守，因此他們把多層樓宇、工廠、倉庫、街角住宅及辦公樓轉變為佈滿機槍、反坦克步槍、迫擊砲、地雷、鐵絲網、狙擊手及擁有5-10名衝鋒槍槍手和擲彈兵為一單位之小組擁有以準備進行逐屋戰鬥，激烈的戰鬥在每一個廢墟、街道、工廠、住宅、地下室及樓梯間進行，德軍稱這種看不見的城鎮戰為老鼠戰爭 ("Rattenkrieg")，「可笑地攻佔了廚房，但仍然在爭奪客廳」

學者估計軸心聯軍（德軍以及其盟友）約傷亡841,000人（死亡、受傷或被俘），其中有多數在1943年至1955年死於蘇聯戰俘營，包括400,000名德國人、120,000名羅馬尼亞人、120,000名匈牙利人和120,000名義大利人陣亡、受傷或被俘。一名德軍士兵指出他們一天損失約 2,000名士兵，而在史達林格勒城內被俘的91,000名德國戰俘中有27,000名戰俘在一週內死去，總共只有約5,000人在1955年幸運地回到德國，其餘皆都死在蘇聯的戰俘營在整個史達林格勒區域，軸心聯軍約有150萬人陣亡、受傷或被俘。
蘇軍總傷亡人數共 1,129,619 人，其中有478,741人陣亡、650,878人被俘。整個史達林格勒地區共約有750,000名平民死亡、受傷或被俘。

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作者: kinhwa 時間: 2012-12-28 15:38:05

好好玩當(陣亡)士兵最爽了
躺在那邊休息不必跑跳
真得好像在拍電啊....

作者: jxv 時間: 2012-12-28 17:10:20

本帖最後由 jxv 於 2012-12-28 17:13 編輯

這個狙擊手故事也被拍成電影「大敵當前」，相當緊張。
裘德·洛演蘇聯狙擊手，艾德·哈里斯演德軍狙擊手

也有online game

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作者: edson1984 時間: 2012-12-29 17:40:42

這一場也是德軍敗亡的關鍵........不過在柏林最後一站國會大廈

只能說德軍真的是條漢子只有戰死沒有投降紅軍只能一個房間一個房間的打與奪回

我記得沒錯防守國會大廈的是青年軍......

作者: borkun 時間: 2012-12-29 21:20:49

大敵當前那部電影重播好幾次.我也看了三.四次.也真的很好看

作者: 紳士之道 時間: 2012-12-29 22:22:23

對俄國來說，這是一場扭轉整個戰局趨勢的重大勝利；
的確是值得大肆慶祝；
就戰史來看，希特勒的剛愎自用與好大喜功的戈林對俄國這場勝利其實也 "貢獻良多"；
算是另類的將相無能累死三軍，雖然他們都不是前線指揮官．

作者: popod520 時間: 2012-12-31 11:14:30

"大敵當前"就是拿這場戰役為背景!!
只因為他的地名是"史達林"啊~~

作者: ggaaga 時間: 2013-1-3 18:13:44

蘇聯犧牲大量的士兵
把德軍主力拖垮在史達林格勒
也把整個情勢拖到對蘇聯有利

作者: jxv 時間: 2013-3-11 14:09:08

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