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耶倫指中國窒礙贊比亞解決債務問題 中方：美國無資格向他國施壓撰文：成依華出版：2023-01-26 00:01更新：2023-01-26 00:01
美國財長耶倫（Janet Yellen）1月23日訪問非洲贊比亞（Zambia），期間指中國一直是贊比亞債務問題解決方案的障礙。中國使館24日回應稱，美國沒有資格出於私利公開無端指責或向他國施壓。
中國駐贊比亞大使館發言人24日指，耶倫的言行揭示了美國災難性債務問題的現狀和成因，又指美方在除美國之外債務問題上能作的最大貢獻，就是美聯儲採取負責任的貨幣政策、處理好美國自身債務問題、停止破壞其他主權國家積極解決債務問題的努力。
發言人指，關於贊比亞涉華債務，中國正作為二十國集團（G20）共同框架下贊比亞官方債權人委員會共同主席，積極同各方一道按照「共同行動、公平負擔」原則尋求可持續解決方案，並取得了積極進展，期待美國在此過程中發揮建設作用。
使館發言人又稱，即使有朝一日美國處理好了自己的債務問題，也沒有資格出於私利公開無端指責或向他國施壓，這完全不能減輕美國對世界債務問題成因所負的巨大責任。
耶倫在訪問贊比亞期間會晤當地總統及財長，她指債務積壓拖累了當地整個國家經濟，指中國一直是這國債務問題解決方案的障礙。她稱盡快解決贊比亞債務問題至關重要，並說相信在她與贊比亞主要債權國中國的官員上週進行坦誠會談後將有進展。
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國際即時國際耶倫稱推動中國與贊比亞進行債務重組談判撰文：許懿安出版：2023-01-24 00:54更新：2023-01-24 09:17
美國財長耶倫（Janet Yellen）1月23日來到其非洲之行第二站贊比亞（Zambia），與該國總統及財長會面。
她稱贊比亞的債務積壓拖累了整個國家經濟，中國一直是這國債務問題解決方案的障礙。
她稱盡快解決贊比亞債務問題至關重要，並說相信在她與贊比亞主要債權國中國的官員上週進行坦誠會談後將有進展。耶倫1月18日在瑞士蘇黎世會晤中國國務院副總理劉鶴。
她稱：「我們將繼續敦促所有官方雙邊和私營部門債權人有意義地參與對贊比亞的債務減免，尤其是中國。」
根據國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）的數據，贊比亞2020年成為第一個出現主權違約的非洲國家，並且一直難以完成拖延已久的債務重組。它的債務在2021年底已達其本地生產總值（GDP）的133%。
根據贊比亞政府數據，在截至2021年底172.7億美元外債中，中國佔約三分之一。
中國外交部長秦剛1月11日會見記者時駁斥所謂中國給非洲帶來「債務陷阱」的無理指責。
秦剛強調，非洲債務問題的本質是發展問題。解決非洲債務問題不僅要通過債務處理等手段治標，也要治本，提升非洲自主可持續發展能力。中方對非融資合作主要涉及基礎設施建設和生產性領域，着眼提升非洲自主可持續發展能力。所謂中國對非「債務陷阱」是強加給中非的話語陷阱。
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IMF總幹事出訪贊比亞 指中國金融機構未就前期債務減免達成共識撰文：翟梓謙出版：2023-01-24 18:55更新：2023-01-24 18:55
國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）總幹事格奧爾基耶娃（Kristalina Georgieva）週二在訪問贊比亞期間表示，表示現在是南部非洲國家債權人重組其債務的時候，但指出中國的金融機構在與贊比亞的債務重組談判中，尚未就接受前期債務減免達成共識。
格奧爾基耶娃指，中國認為其自身仍是一個面臨諸多發展挑戰的國家，向其他國家提供貸款，旨在幫助這些國家發展，中國高層領導難以向目前正在經歷艱難時期的中國人民說：「我們不會減少你們的地方政府債務，但我們將減少贊比亞的債務」。
她認為，債權人的多樣性使債務重組的討論變得複雜，共同框架必須有達成結論的時間表。而她偏向謹慎樂觀，認為有關贊比亞債務的技術問題將得到解決。
贊比亞在 2020 年拖欠其主權債務，成為第一個在 COVID-19 新冠疫情期間拖欠主權債務的非洲國家。
https://www.hk01.com/article/860 ... utm_medium=referral
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Zambia edges towards debt default, but bondholders could make millions3 November 2020 by Tim Jones
Zambia will go into debt default on the 14th November if a resolution is not reached with their private creditors following a missed interest payment in October. The southern African country has requested a six-month extension on interest payments to help cope with the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, though in reality large scale debt cancellation is needed.
Zambia spends four times more on external debt payments than public healthcare
Real public spending per person has fallen by 18% in recent years, as the debt crisis has hit government finances
If paid in full some bondholders could make 250% profit
Jubilee Debt Campaign warned back in 2015 that Zambia was at risk of a government external debt crisis, with an increasing debt payment burden and overreliance on copper exports for income from the rest of the world. This crisis has arrived in recent years, with the Zambian government’s external debt payments increasing from 4% of government revenue in 2014 to a predicted 33% in 2020, even before the impact of the Covid crisis .
The consequence of this rising debt payment burden has been felt in government spending on other areas. Even before the Covid crisis, Zambia’s real public spending per person fell by 18% between 2015 and 2019. The $1.7 billion Zambia is due to spend on external debt payments in 2020 is four times more than the $400 million the government spends on public healthcare. Over 16 million Zambians – 88% of the population – live on less than £4.20 a day.
According to the World Bank, of Zambia’s government external debt, 49% is owed to private lenders, 27% to China, 10% to the World Bank, 9% to other multilateral institutions and 5% to other governments.
$2 billion was lent to Zambia through foreign currency bonds in 2012, 2014 and 2015, and a further $2.8 billion through other forms of private loans between 2012 and 2019. According to the World Bank, $3 billion was lent by China between 2012 and 2019. Of the $1.7 billion due to be spent on external debt payments in 2020, $1.1 billion – 65% – is to private lenders.
The World Bank also now reports data on the residency of private lenders (other than for bond-holders). According to this data, of the $2.4 billion Zambia owed at end-2019 in private (non-bond) debt, 56% is owed to UK banks, 20% to banks based in China or Hong Kong, 14% to banks based in Israel and the remainder to banks in Italy, the US, Denmark and South Africa.
Bonds are traded publicly, which means we can observe the price traders are paying for Zambian debt. Since 2013 Zambia’s bond that it is due to repay in 2022 has been bought and sold for less than its face value, because speculators have thought there is a chance Zambia might default. Since August 2018 traders have paid 70 cents on the dollar or less – with a low of 30 cents on the dollar reached in March 2020. It is currently trading at 45 cents on the dollar.
A trader who bought Zambia’s 2022 bonds in August 2018 will make around 75% profit if they receive all interest and principal payments in full. A trader who bought the same bond in March 2020 will make 200% profit. A trader buying Zambia’s 2027 bond now could make 250% profit if every interest and principal payment is made.
The original private lenders to Zambia lent at high interest rates of 5.375% to 8.97% because it was high risk lending. Many of the current owners of these debts bought them at low prices because it was expected that Zambia would not be able to repay the debts in full. The logic of private lenders behaviour is that significant amounts of the debt would need to be cancelled. That is exactly what should happen.
https://www.cadtm.org/Zambia-edg ... could-make-millions
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美國怎麼忽然間關注起非洲小國的債務，有甚麼利頭呢？是只有單純要打壓中國?還是有甚麼更深的內幕？
幫小國打消國債，是不是對持有讚比亞債券更有利呢？喔~水很深也！就繼續看下去，看來有點精彩可期。 |
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發表於 2023-1-26 08:02:31
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